Hobbled by high interest rates, persistent inflation, slumping trade and a diminished China, the global economy will slow for a third consecutive year in 2024. That is the picture sketched by the World Bank, which forecast Tuesday that the world economy will expand just 2.4% this year. That would be down from 2.6% growth in 2023, 3% in 2022 and a galloping 6.2% in 2021, which reflected the robust recovery from the pandemic recession of 2020.
Quick Read
- Global Economic Slowdown: The global economy is projected to slow for the third consecutive year in 2024.
- Growth Projections:
- 2024: Expected growth of 2.4%.
- 2023: Growth was 2.6%.
- 2022: Growth was 3%.
- 2021: Rapid growth of 6.2%, driven by recovery from the 2020 pandemic recession.
- Contributing Factors:
- High interest rates.
- Persistent inflation.
- Decreasing global trade.
- Economic challenges in China.
- Geopolitical Tensions and Risks:
- Tensions and conflicts, such as Israel’s war with Hamas and the conflict in Ukraine, could lead to weaker growth.
- Concerns for Developing Countries:
- High levels of debt and food insecurity.
- Difficulties in investing in climate change mitigation and fighting poverty.
- Economic Resilience and Risks:
- The global economy has shown resilience amid various shocks (COVID-19 pandemic, Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, global inflation).
- Reduced risk of a global recession, according to the World Bank.
- Growth in Specific Regions:
- United States: Likely 2.5% growth in 2023, but expected to slow to 1.6% in 2024.
- China: Expected growth of 4.5% in 2024, down from 5.2% in 2023.
- Eurozone: Projected growth of 0.7% in 2024.
- Japan: Forecasted growth of 0.9% in 2024.
- U.S. Interest Rates and Inflation:
- The Federal Reserve raised interest rates 11 times since March 2022.
- U.S. inflation decreased from a four-decade high in mid-2022 to near the Fed’s 2% target.
- Global Inflation Outlook:
- Expected decrease from 5.3% in 2023 to 3.7% in 2024 and 3.4% in 2025.
- China’s Economic Challenges:
- Slowdown in growth due to issues in the property market, consumer sentiment, unemployment, and an aging population.
- Impact on commodity-exporting developing countries like South Africa and Chile.
This overview highlights the World Bank’s expectations of continued economic challenges and slower growth globally, with specific emphasis on the impact of high interest rates, inflation, and regional economic performances.
The Associated Press has the story:
World Bank: Global economy will slow for a 3rd straight year in 2024
Newslooks- WASHINGTON (AP) —
Hobbled by high interest rates, persistent inflation, slumping trade and a diminished China, the global economy will slow for a third consecutive year in 2024.
That is the picture sketched by the World Bank, which forecast Tuesday that the world economy will expand just 2.4% this year. That would be down from 2.6% growth in 2023, 3% in 2022 and a galloping 6.2% in 2021, which reflected the robust recovery from the pandemic recession of 2020.
Heightened global tensions, arising particularly from Israel’s war with Hamas and the conflict in Ukraine, pose the risk of even weaker growth. And World Bank officials express worry that deeply indebted poor countries cannot afford to make necessary investments to fight climate change and poverty.
“Near-term growth will remain weak, leaving many developing countries — especially the poorest — stuck in a trap: with paralyzing levels of debt and tenuous access to food for nearly one out of every three people,” Indermit Gill, the World Bank’s chief economist, said in a statement.
In recent years, the international economy has proved surprisingly resilient in the face of shock after shock: the pandemic, Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, resurgent global inflation and the burdensome interest rates that were imposed by central banks to try to bring price increases back under control. The World Bank now says the global economy grew half a percentage point faster in 2023 than it had predicted back in June and concludes that “the risk of a global recession has receded.’’
Leading the way in 2023 was the United States, which likely registered 2.5% growth last year — 1.4 percentage points faster than the World Bank had expected in mid-year. The World Bank, a 189-country anti-poverty agency, expects U.S. growth to decelerate to 1.6% this year as higher interest rates weaken borrowing and spending.
The Federal Reserve has raised U.S. interest rates 11 times since March 2022. Its strenuous efforts have helped bring U.S. inflation down from the four-decade high it reached in mid-2022 to nearly the Fed’s 2% target level.
Higher rates are also taming global inflation, which the World Bank foresees sinking from 5.3% last year to 3.7% in 2024 and 3.4% in 2025, though still above pre-pandemic averages.
China’s economy, the world’s second-largest after the United States, is expected to grow 4.5% this year and 4.3% in 2025, down sharply from 5.2% last year. China’s economy, for decades a leading engine of global growth, has sputtered in recent years: Its overbuilt property market has imploded. Its consumers are downcast, with youth unemployment rampant. And its population is aging, sapping its capacity for growth.
Slumping growth in China is likely to hurt developing countries that supply the Chinese market with commodities, like coal-producing South Africa and copper-exporting Chile.
The World Bank expects the 20 countries that share the euro currency to eke out 0.7% growth this year, a modest improvement on 0.4% expansion last year. Japan’s economy is forecast to grow just 0.9%, half the pace of its 2023 expansion.
